عن أميرِ المؤمنينَ [أبي حفصٍ عمرَ بنِ الخطَّابِ] رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: سَمِعْتُ رسولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يقولُ: “إِنَّمَا الأَعْمَالُ بالنِّيَّاتِ وإِنَّمَا لِكُلِّ امْرِئٍ ما نَوَى، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلى اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا أَو امْرَأَةٍ يَنْكِحُهَا فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ”. رواه إماما المحدِّثينَ: أبو عبدِ اللهِ محمَّدُ بنُ إسماعيلَ بنِ إبراهيمَ بنِ المغيرةِ ابنِ بَرْدِزْبَه البُخاريُّ. وأبو الحُسَيْنِ مسلِمُ بنُ الحجَّاجِ بنِ مُسلمٍ القُشيْريُّ النَّيْسَابوريُّ في صحيحيهما اللَّذين هما أصحُّ الكتُبِ الْمُصَنَّفةِ.
From the Chief of the Believers, Abī Hafṣ ʿUmar bin al-Khaṭṭāb (raḍiyallāhu anhu) who said: I heard the Messenger of Allaah (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wasallam) saying:
“Verily actions are based upon the intentions (behind them) and every man shall have (in accordance) with what he intended. Thus, he whose migration was (for the sake of) Allāh and His Messenger, then his migration was indeed for Allāh and His Messenger. And he whose migration was to attain a portion of the world or to take some woman in marriage, then his migration was for that for which he migrated.”
It was related by the two Imāms of the Muḥaddithīn, Abū ʿAbdillāh Muḥammad bin Ismāʿīl bin ʾIbrāhīm bin al-Mughīrah ibn Bardizbah al-Bukhārī and Abū al-Ḥusayn Muslim bin al-Ḥajjāj bin Muslim al-Qushayrī al-Naysabūrī in their two Ṣaḥīḥ compilations which are the most authentic of compiled books.
Related by Muslim, al-Bukhārī
عن [عُمرَ] رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ أيضاً قالَ: (بَينَما نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذاتَ يَوْمٍ إذْ طلَعَ عَلَيْنا رَجُلٌ شَديدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيابِ، شَديدُ سَوادِ الشَّعْرِ، لا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ، وَلا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ، حتَّى جَلَسَ إلى النَّبيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلى رُكْبَتَيْهِ، وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ على فَخِذَيْهِ؛ قالَ: يا محمَّدُ، أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإسْلامِ. فَقالَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: “الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ، وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِليْهِ سَبِيلاً”. قالَ: صَدَقْتَ. قالَ: فَعَجِبْنا لَهُ، يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ. قالَ: فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإيمانِ. قالَ: “أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَاليَوْمِ الآخِرِ، وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِِ”. قالَ: صَدَقْتَ. قالَ: فَأَخْبِرْني عَنِ الإحسانِ؟ قالَ: “أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ”. قالَ: فَأَخْبِرْني عَنِ السَّاعةِ. قالَ: “مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْها بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ”. قالَ: فَأخْبِرْني عَنْ أَمَاراتِها. قالَ: “أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا، وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ، يَتَطاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ”. قالَ: ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ، فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا.ثُمَّ قالَ لي: “يا عُمَرُ، أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ؟”. قُلتُ: اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قالَ: “فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ”) رواه مسلمٌ.
Also from ʿUmar (raḍiyallāhu anhu) who said:
“Whilst we were sitting with the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wasallam) one day, there came upon us a man whose clothes were intensely white and whose hair was intensely black. No sign of journey was visible on him and none of us knew him. He came and sat down by the Prophet (ṣallAllāhu ʿalayhi wasallam) (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wasallam), placing his knees by his (the Prophet’s) knees and placed his hands on his thighs. He said, “O Muḥammad, inform me about Islām.” The Messenger of Allāh said, “Islām is to bear witness that none has the right to be worshipped but Allāh and Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allāh, to establish the prayer, to pay the zakāh, to fast in Ramaḍān and to make pilgrimage to the House if you are able to do so.” He (the man) said, “You have spoken truthfully,” and we were amazed at his asking him and confirming he spoke truthfully. He said, “Then inform me about īmān.” He said, “Īmān is to believe in Allāh, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in the Divine Decree (and foreknowledge).” He said, “You have spoken truthfully.” He said, “Then tell me about īḥsān.” He said, “It is to worship Allāh as if you can see Him, and even though you cannot see Him, He most certainly sees you.” He said, “Then inform me of the Hour.” He said, “The one being questioned about it is no more knowledgeable of it than the questioner.” He said, “Then inform me of its signs.” He said, “That the slave-girl will give birth to her own mistress and that you will see the barefooted, naked, destitute herdsmen competing in constucting lofty buildings.” Then the man left and I stayed for a while. Then he (the Messenger) said, “O ʿUmar, do you know who the questioner was?” I said, “Allāh and His Messenger know best.” He said, “That was Jibrīl, he came to teach you your religion.”
Related by Muslim
عنْ [أبي عبدِ الرَّحمنِ عبدِ اللهِ بنِ عُمرَ بنِ الخطَّابِ] رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُما قالَ: (سَمِعْتُ رسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ:” بُنِيَ الإِسْلاَمُ عَلَى خَمْسٍ: شَهَادَةِ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وَإِقامِ الصَّلاَةِ، وإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَحَجِّ البَيْتِ، وَصَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ”). رواه البخاريُّ ومسلمٌ.
From Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ʿAbd Allāh bin ʿUmar bin al-Khaṭṭāb (raḍiyallāhu anhumā) who said:
I heard the Messenger of Allāh (ṣallallāhu ʿalayhi wasallam) saying, “Islām is built upon five (pillars): The testimony that none has the right to be worshipped (in truth) but Allāh and that Muḥammad is the Messenger of Allāh, establishing the (daily) prayer(s), giving the zakāh, pilgrimage to the house and fasting in Ramaḍān.”
Related by al-Bukhārī, Muslim
عنْ [أبي عبدِ الرَّحمنِ عبدِ اللهِ بنِ مسعودٍ] رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهُ قالَ: (حدَّثنا رسولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وهو الصَّادِقُ المصْدُوقُ: “إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يُجْمَعُ خَلْقُهُ فِي بَطْنِ أُمِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ يَوْمًا نُطْفَةً، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ عَلَقَةً مِثْلَ ذلِكَ، ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مُضْغَةً مِثْلَ ذلِكَ، ثمَّ يُرْسَلُ إلَيْهِ الْمَلَكُ فَيَنْفُخُ فيهِ الرُّوحَ، وَيُؤمَرُ بأرْبَعِ كَلِمَاتٍ: بِكَتْبِ رِزْقِهِ وَأَجَلِهِ وَعَمَلِهِ وَشَقِيٌّ أوْ سَعِيدٌ. فَوَاللهِ الَّذِي لاَ إِلَهَ غَيْرُهُ، إِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إِلاَّ ذِرَاعٌ، فَيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ، فَيَعْمَلَ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فيَدْخُلَهَا، وَإِنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ لَيَعْمَلُ بِعَمَلِ أهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى مَا يَكُونَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهَا إِلاَّ ذِرَاعٌ، فيَسْبِقُ عَلَيْهِ الْكِتَابُ، فَيَعْمَلَ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيَدْخُلَهَا”). رواه البخاريُّ ومسلمٌ.
From Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, ʿAbd Allāh bin Masʿūd (raḍiyallāhu ʿanhu) who said:
The Messenger of Allāh (ṣallallāhu alayhi wasallam) narrated to us, and he is the truthful, the believed, “Verily, the creation of one of you is brought together in his mother’s womb over forty days as a nuṭfah, then he is an ʿalaqah for a like period. Then he is a muḍghah for a like period. Then an angel is sent to it and it breathes the spirit into it and is commanded with four words: the writing of its sustenance, its lifespan, its deeds, and whether happy or wretched (in the Hereafter). By Allāh besides whom there is none worthy of worship, one of you works the deeds of the people of Paradise until there does not remain between him and it but an arm’s length and then (what is written in) the Book overtakes him and he does the deeds of the people of the Fire and thus enters it. And one of you works the deeds of the people of Hellfire until there does not remain between him and it but an arm’s length and then (what is written in) the Book overtakes him and he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and thus enters it.”
Related by al-Bukhārī, Muslim
عَنْ أمِّ المُؤمِنينَ [أمِّ عبْدِ اللهِ عائشةَ] رَضِي اللهُ عَنْهَا قالَتْ: (قالَ رسولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: “مَنْ أَحْدَثَ فِي أَمْرِنَا هَذَا مَا لَيْسَ مِنْهُ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ”. رواه البخاريُّ ومسلمٌ. وفي روايةٍ لمسلمٍ: “مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلاً لَيْسَ عَلَيهِ أَمْرُنا فَهُوَ رَدٌّ”).
From the Mother of the Believers, Umm ʿAbd Allāh ʿĀʾishah (raḍiyallāhu ʿanhā) who said:
The Messenger of Allāh (ṣallallāhu alayhi wasallam) said, “Whoever introduces something into this affair of ours that is not from it will have it rejected.” And in the narration of Muslim, “Whoever does an action that is not from our affair will have it rejected.”
Related by al-Bukhārī, Muslim
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